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Hello, I have 12000 meters of 4mm diameter copper wire. It is pure 99,9% copper. Unfortunately it is too soft for what i want to use it for. How can i harden it ? I have seen many ways on the web but none is adapted to such a large quantity. Please help. Thank you

I'm making a throwing knife and was wondering at what temp it it the best to heat treat. But I need to know in color of the steel. And then how long do I put in the oven for and at what temp for. Do I have to heat the tip hotter?

Hello. I'm interested in historical metallurgy, and I have a question about differing types of bronzes, specifically copper/tin and copper/arsenic. I cannot seem to find any information about producing harder flavors of bronze (preferably without resorting to zinc/brass). Anyone know specific copper/tin or copper/arsenic alloys that could be used to make tools to work cast bronze (90/10 or 88/12)? -Jeff

I have been using these two following steels for making damascus billets: UHB20C steel with the following properties: UHB15LM steel with the following properties: Now - I am wondering - does anyone here have experience with these steels? I tried hardening a blade in room temperature water, (single bar 100+ layers twisted 15 and 20 steel with a 1,25% C steel as edge steel in a san-mai lamination) but it cracked open at the edge as the lamination came undone in an area approx 1cm long. I then hardened another blade in vegetable oil (dual bar twisted, san-mai lamination) and it survived just fine. Are these two steels oil-hardening steels, or water-hardening? Sincerely, Alveprins.

Specifications United States: AISI 6150, AMS 6450, AMS 7301, ASTM A322 (6150), ASTM A519 (6150), ASTM A829, SAE J1397 (6150) , SAE J412 (6150), AMS 6448, AMS 6455, ASTM A29 (6150), ASTM A331 (6150), ASTM A752 (6150), MIL. S-8503, SAE J404 (6150), UNSG 61500 International: DIN 50CrV4, EN 50CrV4, Chemistry Crucible: Carbon 0.50, Manganese 0.80, Silicon 0.30, Chromium 1.00, Vanadium 0.15 Metal Ravne: Carbon 0.51, Manganese 0.90, Silicon max. 0.40, Chromium 1.09, Vanadium 0.18, Metal Suppliers Online: Carbon 0.48-0.53, Manganese 0.7-0.9, Silicon 0.15-0.35, Chromium 0.8-0.9, Vanadium 0.15 min. Principle Design Features 6150 is a fine grained, highly abrasion resistant carbon-chromium alloy steel. Very good shock resistance and toughness are also key properties of this alloy in the heat treated condition. Forging Range Forge between 2200 and 1600 degrees Fahrenheit. Note that welding temperature is around 2300 degrees Fahrenheit. You pretty much want to be forging this stuff at a welding heat and be sure to stop hitting it before it gets too cold. The first heat you take will require a definite soak time, from 10-30 minutes, before you start forging. Critical 1360-1380 degrees Fahrenheit Normalize Cycle 1 - Make it good and hot, around 2200 degrees Fahrenheit, soak 10-30 minutes, air cool. Cycle 2 - Get it to 1600 degrees Fahrenheit, soak 10-30 minutes, air cool. Cycle 3 - Heat to 1550 degrees Fahrenheit, soak10-30 minutes, air cool. Hardening Preheat to 1200-1250 degrees Fahrenheit and equalize. Heat to 1500-1650 degrees Fahrenheit, soak 10-30 minutes. Quench Oil quench to hand warm (150 degrees Fahrenheit). Temper Immediately. Temper 2 hours minimum soak at temperature. Cross sections thicker than 2 inches require 1 hour per inch of thickness, round any fractions up. Knives from 6150 will get tempered cooler than you are used to, Here is a clue from an old post (Tempering 6150) "I heat treated a forged blade made of 6150, quenched it in oil and tempered twice at 375 for an hour each time. It Rc tested at 58." Do your own research! Find out, for yourself, all of the information I left out! Here are links to some of the sources used for the information herein: Crucible Selector - AISI 6150 Alloy Steel Metal Ravne Steel Selector - Steel VCV150 (Mat. No. 1.8159, DIN 50CrV4, AISI 6145/6150) Metal Suppliers Online - 6150 Ally Steel

Hey Y'all I had a thought; does quenching a piece in oil prevent as much firescale, or is all the scale formed in the forge, not the quench? Also, does heating a piece in a clay sleeve prevent scale from forming? Thanks and Cheers!